Wednesday, November 23, 2011

NY Mets Baseball

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The New York Mets are a professional baseball team based in the borough of Queens in New York City, New York. They belong to Major League Baseball's National League East Division. One of baseball's first expansion teams, the Mets were founded in 1962 to replace New York's departed National League teams, the Brooklyn Dodgers and New York Giants. From 1964 to 2008, the Mets' home ballpark was Shea Stadium. In 2009, they moved into a new stadium, Citi Field.
In their 1962 inaugural season, the Mets posted a record of 40-120, the worst regular season record since Major League Baseball went to a 162-game season (two games from their inaugural season were never made up). The team never finished better than second to last until the 1969 "Miracle Mets" beat the Baltimore Orioles in the 1969 World Series in what is considered one of the biggest upsets in World Series history. Since, they have played in three additional World Series, including a dramatic run in 1973 that ended in a seven game loss to the Oakland Athletics, a second championship in 1986 against the Boston Red Sox that was cited in the Curse of the Bambino, and a Subway Series against their cross-town rivals the New York Yankees in the 2000 World Series which they lost in five games.
Recent years have again seen the team face struggles, including elimination from postseason contention on the last game of the season in both 2007 (regarded as one of the worst regular season collapses in baseball history) and again in 2008, followed by three losing seasons plagued by injuries while the ownership was sued for one billion dollars by the trustee in the Madoff scandal.

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[edit] Franchise history

In 1957, the Brooklyn Dodgers and New York Giants relocated from New York to California to become the Los Angeles Dodgers and San Francisco Giants, leaving the largest city in the United States with no National League franchises and only one Major League team. With the threat of a New York team in a third league, the National League expanded, adding the New York Mets. The new team took as its primary colors the blue of the Dodgers and the orange of the Giants (which are conveniently two of the three colors on the New York City flag), and took their name from the original 19th Century New York Metropolitans club.[1]
For the first two years of its existence, the team played its home games at the historic Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan. In 1964, they moved into newly constructed Shea Stadium in Flushing Meadows, Queens, where the Mets stayed through the 2008 season. In 2009, the club moved into Citi Field, located adjacent to the former site of Shea Stadium.
During their history, the Mets have won two World Series titles (1969 and 1986), four National League pennants (1969, 1973, 1986, 2000) and five National League East titles (1969, 1973, 1986, 1988, 2006). The Mets also qualified for the postseason as the National League Wild Card team in 1999 and 2000. The Mets have appeared in more World Series—four—than any other expansion team in Major League Baseball history. Their two championships equal the tally of the Toronto Blue Jays and Miami Marlins for the most titles among expansion teams.
The Mets held the New York baseball attendance record for 29 years. They broke the Yankees' 1948 record by drawing nearly 2.7 million in 1970. The Mets broke their own record five times before the Yankees took it back in 1999.[2][3]
No Met pitcher has ever thrown a no-hitter, and the franchise's hurlers have gone more than 7,800 games without pitching one—longer than any other Major League franchise. They are one of only two current Major League teams to never have a pitcher throw a no-hitter, the other being the San Diego Padres. Long time Mets ace Tom Seaver, who threw five one-hitters as a Met, eventually threw a no-hitter, but by then he was playing for the Cincinnati Reds. Similarly, the ace of the 1986 team, Dwight Gooden, threw his no-hitter for the Yankees (in 1996), and David Cone, who starred for the Mets from 1987-1992, threw a perfect game later in his career, also as a Yankee. The ultimate example of this trend is Hall of Famer Nolan Ryan, who started his career with the Mets, but threw a record seven no-hitters after leaving the club.
The 1962 Mets posted a 40–120 record, one of the worst in major-league history, and the most losses in one season since 1899. In 1966, the Mets famously bypassed Hall of Famer Reggie Jackson in the amateur draft, instead selecting Steve Chilcott, who never played in the majors. But the following year, they acquired Hall of Famer Tom Seaver in a lottery. Seaver helped the 1969 "Miracle Mets" win the new National League East division title, and then defeat the heavily-favored Baltimore Orioles to win the 1969 World Series.
In 1973, the Mets rallied from last place to win the division, despite a record of only 82–79. They shocked the heavily-favored Cincinnati Reds "Big Red Machine" in the NLCS and pushed the defending World Series Champion Oakland Athletics to a seventh game, but lost. This National League pennant was notable because it was the only NL East title between 1970 and 1980 that wasn't won by either the Philadelphia Phillies or the Pittsburgh Pirates.[4][5]
Star pitcher Tom Seaver was traded in 1977, a day remembered in the sports world as "the Midnight Massacre," and the Mets fell into last place for several years. The franchise turned around in the mid-1980s. In 1985, they acquired Hall of Fame catcher Gary Carter from the Montreal Expos and won 98 games, but narrowly missed the playoffs. In 1986, they easily won the division with one of the best records in National League history. After winning a dramatic NLCS in six games over the Houston Astros, they came within one strike of losing the World Series against the Boston Red Sox before a series of hits and defensive miscues ultimately led to an error by Boston's Bill Buckner which gave the Mets a Game 6 victory. They then won Game 7 to win their second World Series.
The Mets continued playing well after 1986 and won the division in 1988, but lost the playoffs that year and declined into the 1990s. They were out of contention until the 1997 season when they narrowly missed the playoffs. In 1998, the Mets acquired Mike Piazza in a blockbuster trade and missed the 1998 postseason by only one game. In 1999, they made the playoffs in a one game playoff but lost the 1999 National League Championship Series to the Atlanta Braves. In 2000, they easily clinched a wild card spot in the playoffs, and earned a trip to the 2000 World Series against their crosstown rivals, the New York Yankees for a "Subway Series". The Mets were defeated by the Yankees in five games.
The Mets were not a factor in the standings again until 2006. They won the division and went to Game 7 of the 2006 National League Championship Series, but lost on a 9th inning home run by Yadier Molina.
In 2007, the Mets entered the final 17 games in the season with a 7 12 game lead in the division. The Mets fell down in the standings throughout those games and needed to win their final two games of the season. The Mets won that Saturday, but on Sunday, Tom Glavine gave up seven runs in the first inning. The Mets managed only one run that day and were eliminated.
The Mets held a more modest 3.5 game lead after 145 games of the 2008 season, their final season at Shea Stadium. While their 7-10 mark down the stretch was slightly better than the previous season's 5-12, it still allowed the Phillies to pass them, once again. The Mets opened Citi Field in 2009, but were not a factor due to a rash of injuries. The Mets did not fare any better in 2010, finishing with a losing record and missing the playoffs for the fourth straight year. The Mets finished with a 79-83 record, coming in fourth place in the National League East.
Upon the conclusion of the 2010 season, the Mets front office fired General Manager Omar Minaya and Manager Jerry Manuel. Former Oakland G.M. and MLB executive Sandy Alderson was hired to run the team. Alderson hired Terry Collins to replace Manuel as manager.
The Wilpons are currently facing a multi-million dollar lawsuit on behalf of the Bernie Madoff ponzi scheme victims. As a result of this, and to deal with other financial issues, the Wilpons agreed to sell a minority share of the team to David Einhorn, a hedge fund manager and longtime Mets fan.[6] However, that deal fell apart, leading the Willons to pursue a different strategy of selling small stakes to multiple minority owners.[7]
Despite another losing season, the Mets made history in 2011 when Jason Isringhausen converted his 300th save with the team, the third player in franchise history to reach the milestone while with the organization behind John Franco and Billy Wagner. Also, José Reyes became the first Met in franchise history to win a National League batting title with .337 batting average. The Mets are currently trying to bounce back from 3 consecutive losing seasons.

[edit] Theme song

"Meet the Mets" is the Mets' signature song, written in 1961, one year before the first season, by Bill Katz and Ruth Roberts. It is played on the radio, during television broadcasts and at all of the Mets' home games.[8]

[edit] Mascot

Mr. Met is the official mascot of the New York Mets. He was first introduced on the cover of game programs in 1963, when the Mets were still playing at the Polo Grounds in northern Manhattan.[9] When the Mets moved to Shea Stadium in 1964, fans were introduced to a live costumed version.[9] Mr. Met is believed to have been the first mascot in Major League Baseball to exist in human (as opposed to artistically rendered) form.[9]

[edit] Uniform and logo symbolism


Jerry Koosman wearing his mid-1960s era Mets jersey, which served as an inspiration for the current Mets pinstriped uniform.
The Mets' colors are blue, orange, black and white. Blue and orange were originally chosen to honor the city's history of National League baseball; blue for the Brooklyn Dodgers, and orange for the New York Giants. Blue and orange are also the colors of New York City, as seen on its flag.

[edit]

The cap logo is identical to the logo used by the New York Giants in their final years, and is on a blue cap reminiscent of the caps worn by the Brooklyn Dodgers. In the primary logo, designed by sports cartoonist Ray Gatto, each part of the skyline has special meaning—at the left is a church spire, symbolic of Brooklyn, the borough of churches; the second building from the left is the Williamsburg Savings Bank, the tallest building in Brooklyn; next is the Woolworth Building; after a general skyline view of midtown comes the Empire State Building; at the far right is the United Nations Building. The bridge in the center symbolizes that the Mets, by bringing National League baseball back to New York, represent all five boroughs.[1]
With the introduction of black as an official color, an alternate team logo was created. It is identical to the original logo, but the skyline is black instead of blue and the "Mets" script is blue trimmed in orange and white instead of orange trimmed in white.

[edit] Uniform color and design

Currently, the Mets wear an assortment of uniforms.
On November 16, 2011, the Mets announced new uniforms for their 2012 season, as part of the unveiling of their 50th anniversary plans. [10] Among the changes included the removal of the black drop-shadows that had been present on Mets jerseys since 1998, and a switch of home and alternate jerseys. A 50th anniversary patch will also replace the regular Mets baseball/skyline logo on the left sleeves.
The team's regular home uniforms for 2012 were introduced as alternates in 2010, and based on the Mets' inaugural home uniforms from 1962. The uniforms are cream, featuring blue pinstripes, and a "Mets" script in blue, trimmed in orange, across the front.
The team's regular road uniforms are solid gray with blue piping, and feature "New York" written in blue all capitals along the front in an old-fashioned style font.
The team's alternate home uniforms were originally introduced for the 1997 season. They are white with blue piping along the seams and, like the pinstriped uniforms, features the "Mets" script in blue and orange across the front.
The Mets will continue to keep a black jersey in their rotation. They have worn a home version, with the "Mets" script, and a road version with "New York" in capital letters, both in blue outlined in white with an orange drop-shadow. No details regarding any changes to the black alternates (including any use of the anniversary patch) have been announced as of yet. The team has indicated that the Mets will drop all black elements in their uniforms after the 2012 season.[11]
Another variation on the Mets uniform features a solid blue jersey with "Los Mets" written in orange with white trim, worn with solid white pants. The uniform was created for Fiesta Latina, but continues to be worn occasionally at home games. [12]
The cap worn at home is blue with an orange "NY" logo. This cap will be worn as the road cap as well in 2012, replacing a black cap with a blue brim and a blue "NY" logo trimmed in orange. An all black alternate cap with a blue "NY" logo trimmed in orange and white has been worn with the black jerseys. The batting helmets worn for each game match the cap colors (solid blue, black with blue brim, or solid black, with corresponding logos). For 2012, the Mets will wear the blue cap for all uniform combinations except for when they wear the black jerseys.
The Mets also wear blue socks when paired with the blue caps, and black socks when paired with the black caps.

[edit] Baseball Hall of Famers


New York Mets Hall of Famers
Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum

New York Mets
Roberto Alomar
Richie Ashburn
Yogi Berra
Gary Carter Rickey Henderson
Willie Mays
Eddie Murray
Nolan Ryan
Tom Seaver
Duke Snider
Warren Spahn
Casey Stengel

Players listed in bold are depicted on their Hall of Fame plaques wearing a Mets cap insignia.
Inducted as an Expo, despite his request that his Hall of Fame plaque show the Mets and Montreal Expos, or just the Mets.[13]


New York Mets Ford C. Frick Award recipients
Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum

Buck Canel
Bob Murphy
Lindsey Nelson

Names in bold received the award based primarily on their work as broadcasters for the Mets.
* Played as a Met

[edit] Retired numbers

Mets37.svg
Casey
Stengel

M: 1962–1965

Retired September 2, 1965
Mets14.svg
Gil
Hodges
*
1B: 1962–63
M: 1968–71
Retired June 9, 1973
Mets41.svg
Tom
Seaver
*
P: 1966-77, 83

Retired July 24, 1988
Jr.svg
Jackie
Robinson

Retired by
all of MLB
Retired April 15, 1997
Metsshea.svg
William A.
Shea

Proponent

Honored April 8, 2008
In addition, Tom Seaver is the only Met ever to win the Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year Award in 1969 and was voted the Mets' "Hometown Hero" in a 2006 poll sponsored by DHL.[14][15]

Retired numbers by the Mets at Citi Field
Major League Baseball announced the retirement of Jackie Robinson's number 42 on April 15, 1997, when the Mets played the Dodgers at Shea Stadium, although Butch Huskey wore the number throughout the rest of his Mets career (due to a grandfather clause placed on the retired number by MLB).[16] Mo Vaughn also wore number 42 during his stint with the Mets, due to the same clause.[16]
On the final Opening Day at Shea Stadium, April 8, 2008, the Mets unveiled a sign bearing the name "Shea" next to the team's retired numbers honoring William Shea and his contributions to the franchise.[17]

[edit] Numbers out of circulation but not retired

  • #8: Not issued since Gary Carter was elected to the Hall of Fame in 2003.[18] When the Mets honored Carter, they did not retire number 8 at that time, but instead gave him a replica of his Hall of Fame plaque depicting him as a Met instead of an Expo. Desi Relaford was the last Met to wear #8 as a player, while Matt Galante was the last to wear it as a coach; after Carter left the Mets in 1989 the number was not issued again until Dave Gallagher was given it to begin the 1992 season.
  • #24: Only issued to two players since the retirement of Willie Mays. Then-team owner Joan Whitney Payson had promised Mays it wouldn't be issued again. The first time was to first baseman-outfielder Kelvin Torve in 1990, by mistake. The second was to Rickey Henderson in 1999–2000 as a player and again in 2007 as a coach.[18]
  • #31: Not issued since Mike Piazza left after the 2005 season. This number belonged to John Franco from the time he joined the Mets in 1990 until the team acquired Piazza in 1998.[18]

[edit] Rivalries

[edit] Atlanta Braves

The Braves–Mets rivalry is a rivalry between two teams in the National League East, featuring the Atlanta Braves and the Mets.[19]
Although their first major confrontation occurred when the Mets swept the Braves in the 1969 National League Championship Series, en route to their first World Series championship, the first playoff series won by an expansion team (also the first playoff appearance by an expansion team), the rivalry did not become especially heated until the 1990s, when division realignment put the Mets and the Braves in the same division,[20][21] and the Braves became one of the most dominant baseball teams in professional baseball.

[edit] Philadelphia Phillies

The rivalry between the Mets and the Philadelphia Phillies is said to be among the "hottest" rivalries in the National League,[22][23] along with the Cardinals–Cubs and the Dodgers–Giants rivalries.[24] The two National League East divisional rivals have met each other recently in playoff, division, and Wild Card races.
Aside from several brawls in the 1980s, the rivalry remained relatively low-key before the 2006 season,[25] as the teams had seldom been equally good at the same time. A notable moment in their early meetings was Jim Bunning's perfect game on Father's Day of 1964, the first perfect game in Phillies history,[26] which happened when the Mets were on a losing streak.[27] The Phillies were near the bottom of the NL East when the Mets won the 1969 World Series and the National League pennant in 1973, while the Mets did not enjoy success in the late 1970s when the Phillies won three straight division championships. Although both teams each won a World Series in the 1980s, the Mets were not serious contenders in the Phillies' playoff years (1980, 1981, and 1983), nor did the Phillies seriously contend in the Mets' playoff years (1986 and 1988). The Mets were the Majors' worst team when the Phillies won the NL pennant in 1993,[28] and the Phillies could not post a winning record in either of the Mets' wild-card-winning seasons of 1999 or 2000, when the Mets faced the New York Yankees in the 2000 World Series.
As the rivalry has intensified in recent years, the teams have battled more often for playoff position. The Mets won the division in 2006, while the Phillies won five consecutive division titles from 2007 to 2011.[29] The Phillies' 2007 championship was won on the last day of the season as the Mets lost a seven-game lead with seventeen games remaining. The Phillies won the 2008 World Series, while the Mets' last title came in the 1986 World Series.

[edit] Subway Series: New York Yankees

The Mets – New York Yankees rivalry is the latest incarnation of the Subway Series, the competition between New York City's teams, the American League New York Yankees and the National League Mets. Until Interleague play started, the two teams had only met in exhibition games. Since the inception of interleague play the two teams have met every regular season since 1997, and since 1999 they have met six times each season, playing two three-game series, one in each team's ballpark. They have made the postseason in the same year three times: 1999, 2000, and 2006, and faced off in the 2000 World Series.

[edit] Team captains

[edit] Current roster

New York Mets rosterview · talk · edit
Active rosterInactive rosterCoaches/Other
Pitchers
Catchers
Infielders
Outfielders








Manager
Coaches




38 Active, 0 Inactive
Injury icon 2.svg 7- or 15-day disabled list
Suspended list
# Personal leave
Roster updated November 18, 2011
TransactionsDepth chart
All MLB rosters


[edit] Minor league affiliations

LevelTeamLeagueLocation
AAABuffalo BisonsInternational LeagueBuffalo, New York
AABinghamton MetsEastern LeagueBinghamton, New York
Advanced ASt. Lucie MetsFlorida State LeaguePort St. Lucie, Florida
ASavannah Sand GnatsSouth Atlantic LeagueSavannah, Georgia
Short Season ABrooklyn CyclonesNew York-Penn LeagueBrooklyn, New York
RookieKingsport MetsAppalachian LeagueKingsport, Tennessee
GCL MetsGulf Coast LeaguePort St. Lucie, Florida
DSL Mets IDominican Summer LeagueBoca Chica, Dominican Republic
DSL Mets IIDominican Summer LeagueBoca Chica, Dominican Republic

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b http://newyork.mets.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/nym/history/timeline1.jsp
  2. ^ "New York Mets attendance". Baseball Reference. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/NYM/attend.shtml. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
  3. ^ "New York Yankees attendance". Baseball Reference. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/NYY/attend.shtml. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
  4. ^ Von Benko, George (July 7, 2005). "Notes: Phils–Pirates rivalry fading". Phillies.MLB.com. Major League Baseball. http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20050707&content_id=1119893&vkey=news_phi&fext=.jsp&c_id=phi. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  5. ^ "Pirates perform rare three-peat feat 4-2". USA Today: p. 5C. September 28, 1992.
  6. ^ Sandomir, Richard; Sorkin, Andrew Ross (May 27, 2011). "Hedge Fund Manager and Mets Near Deal". New York Times: p. B9. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/27/sports/baseball/hedge-fund-manager-david-einhorn-negotiating-stake-in-mets.html?pagewanted=print. Retrieved June 9, 2011.
  7. ^ Sandomir, Richard (September 1, 2011). "Deal to Sell Piece of Mets to Einhorn Falls Apart". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/02/sports/baseball/mets-deal-with-einhorn-is-off.html. Retrieved September 2, 2011.
  8. ^ Keepnews, Peter (July 4, 2011), "Ruth Roberts, ‘Meet the Mets’ Songwriter, Dies at 84", The New York Times (The New York Times Company), archived from the original on July 7, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/600TcwGbx, retrieved July 7, 2011
  9. ^ a b c McGuire, Stephen; Liz Goff (April 25, 2002), [http://www.webcitation.org/5zBrbAmOq He's In The Army Now: The Life And Times Of Mr. Met], Queens Tribune, archived from the original on June 4, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/5zBrbAmOq, retrieved October 4, 2009
  10. ^ Rubin, Adam (November 16, 2011). "Uniform look - Mets Blog". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/blog/new-york/mets/post/_/id/36602/uniform-look.
  11. ^ Lukas, Paul (November 17, 2011). "Now Just Fire Wayne Hagin Already and We'll Be All Set". Uni Watch. http://www.uni-watch.com/2011/11/17/mets-unveil-new-uniforms-and-finally-ditch-the-black/. Retrieved November 17, 2011.
  12. ^ Baron, Michael (August 6, 2011). "Note: about the all-blue "Los Mets" jersey". MetsBlog (SNY). http://www.metsblog.com/2011/08/06/note-about-the-all-blue-los-mets-jersey/. Retrieved September 20, 2011.
  13. ^ Dubow, Josh (January 16, 2003), Carter to go into Hall of Fame with Expos hat, USA Today, archived from the original on June 4, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/5zBpoIQQ5, retrieved June 4, 2011
  14. ^ Leggett, William (December 22, 1969), Sportsman Of The Year: Tom Seaver, Sports Illustrated, archived from the original on June 4, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/5zBo3gSoC, retrieved June 4, 2011
  15. ^ Newman, Mark (October 1, 2006), Fans select teams' Hometown Heroes, Major League Baseball, archived from the original on June 4, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/5zBoCNUiz, retrieved June 4, 2011
  16. ^ a b Smith, Claire (April 16, 1997), "A Grand Tribute to Robinson and His Moment", The New York Times (The New York Times Company), archived from the original on June 4, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/5zBp3DeS9, retrieved June 4, 2011
  17. ^ DiComo, Anthony (April 3, 2008), Shea family to be honored at home, New York Mets, archived from the original on June 4, 2011, http://www.webcitation.org/5zBpPLOoW, retrieved June 4, 2011
  18. ^ a b c "Mets by the Numbers". http://www.mbtn.net.
  19. ^ Olson, Lisa (July 8, 2003). "Crazy scene at Shea takes luster off Mets-Braves rivalry". New York Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/sports/2003/07/08/2003-07-08_crazy_scene_at_shea_takes_lu.html?print=1&viewall=1.
  20. ^ Bodley, Hal (September 16, 1993). "Pirates OK new realignment". USA Today: p. 1C. "The Pirates will switch from the East next season. They opposed the move last week when realignment was approved, but agreed to allow Atlanta to move to the East."
  21. ^ Chass, Murray (September 16, 1993). "Pirates Relent on New Alignment". New York Times: p. B14. http://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/16/sports/baseball-pirates-relent-on-new-alignment.html?pagewanted=print.
  22. ^ Bondy, Filip (April 11, 2008). "Mets-Phillies rivalry looking like what Mets-Braves used to be". New York Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/mets/2008/04/11/2008-04-11_metsphillies_rivalry_looking_like_what_m-2.html. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
  23. ^ Westcott, Rich (2010). Philadelphia Phillies Past & Present. MVP Books. p. 10. http://books.google.com/books?id=K_e8KWxmo_kC&pg=PA10&dq=Mets-Phillies+rivalry&hl=en&ei=IbggTvOfM4nYsgbggq37AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDcQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  24. ^ Woolsey, Matt (April 28, 2009). "In Depth: Baseball's Most Intense Rivalries". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/2009/04/28/baseball-best-rivalries-lifestyle-sports-baseball_slide_5.html. Retrieved May 25, 2009.
  25. ^ Bondy, Filip (May 24, 2006). "Despite long game, rivalry long way off". New York Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/sports/2006/05/24/2006-05-24_despite_long_game__rivalry_l.html. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  26. ^ "No Hitters Chronologically". Retrosheet, Inc. http://www.retrosheet.org/nohit_chrono.htm. Retrieved April 2, 2009.
  27. ^ Cook, William A. (2002). The summer of '64: a pennant lost. McFarland. p. 32. http://books.google.com/books?id=G_9qSkkBWssC&pg=PA32&dq=1964+New+York+Mets+season&hl=en&ei=9LsgTrnrJ8nIswab4c23Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=1964%20New%20York%20Mets%20season&f=false. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  28. ^ "1993 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/NL_1993.shtml. Retrieved March 6, 2009.
  29. ^ Radano, Mike (September 17, 2011). "High Phive: Phils clinch fifth straight East title". Phillies.MLB.com. Major League Baseball. http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/mlb/gameday/index.jsp?gid=2011_09_17_slnmlb_phimlb_1&mode=recap&c_id=phi. Retrieved September 18, 2011.